Treaty of Versailles and its Impact on Nazi Ideology - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1120 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Treaty of Versailles Essay Did you like this example? World War One was the most gruesome war of its time until World War Two. It set the stage for what a modern war would be like in the early 1900s, not only this but, it also set the stage for how all future wars would be fought in the 20th century. Through this though, we learned how not to treat the losers of a war since some historians believe that ultimately the Treaty of Versailles caused the rise of Nazi ideology and Fascism in the 20th century. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Treaty of Versailles and its Impact on Nazi Ideology" essay for you Create order In this essay, I intend to explain to you how The Treaty of Versailles ultimately caused World War Two because of the clauses that limited the German economy and land space which allowed for the rise of the Nazi party. Now as for the Treatys immediate impact on the Germans the primary issue was border changes. Many people were displaced and became different countries citizens all the sudden because of these changes. One of the bigger border changes is that loss of Alsace-Lorraine which is a resource-rich land area near the German-France border. (77) This change is area angered the Germans as they felt that the had rightly earned the territory after the Franco-Prussian war and many German people had moved over to this new territory. Therefore this change displaced many German citizens and made them French Citizens overnight. This displacement upset the displaced people as the French government was not keen on letting those ex-germans full French citizenship. Not only did Germany lose Alsace-Lorraine but they also lost the Rhine lands to France. The Rhineland prevented France from being an immediate threat to Germany and vice-versa. This change in land borders caused a change in power that made it so that Germany wasnt a dominant power in central Europe anymore. In addition to these land losses the Germans also lost control of the Saar Bassin which France had wanted. France specifically getting this written in by adding As compensation for the destruction of the coal-mines in the north of France and as part payment towards the total reparation due from Germany for the damage resulting from the war(Treaty of Versailles 23). This allowed France to take a major economic power from Germany as well as this was one of the main coal mines used by the Germans. Additionally, another major impact on Germany due to the Treaty was the fact that they werent able to join the League of Nations. The League of Nations would have allowed the Germans more negotiating power after the treaty was signed and may have let them loosen other restrictions placed on them, however, because they were not let into the League of Nations they had no chance of being able to negotiate for fewer restrictions. As well as not being able to join the League of Nations Germany was also required to pay back a sum of around 33 Billion dollars in reparations (Williams 483). This sum of money ultimately was the crux of Germanys fate. As the document originally did not specify what the amount had to be. Rather the treaty only said that the Germans were required to pay back all damage done to the civilian population of the Allies and to their property by the aggression of Germany by land, by sea, and from the air(Treaty of Versailles 92). When this was handed down to Germany by the Allies, Germany was consigned to having an unreasonable amount of debt put onto their agenda that they would never have been able to pay back. It should also be noted that the reason the amount of debt was so high is that as Keynes would put it Few sentences in History have given so much work to the sophists and the lawyers (Keynes 115). The reason Keynes words this in the way he does is that the nature of Article 232 is that every country who has been impacted by the Germans got to determine what they were owed by the Germans instead of an impartial third party. Therefore those who wanted to see the Germans and Germany itself crushed underfoot for good were the ones determining who got to decide how much the felt they were owed. One such instance that is referenced Keynes book is that France wanted to include in their share of reparations compensation for anything stolen by the enemy governments(117). Now the issue arises of how much could really be solely set on Germany and not their allies. As Germany was not an independent army in the belligerence of the war it wouldnt be fair for them to Assume all the debt. Austria-Hungry, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire all had, at least in some small part, their fair share in the destruction of the Allies territory. Most would agree that Austria-Hungry and Bulgaria did not have much left nor did the Ottoman Empire however it would be unfair to put all the blame on Germany. Never the less all the blame was put onto her and therefore she was forced to pay back all the preparations that were asked for on her own. This blame ultimately drove the German economy into the ground as the repayment plan was aggressively written. The Germans were initially expected to pay 20,000,000,000 Marks gold bearer bonds, payable not later than May 1, 1921(Treaty of Versailles 103). Twenty billion marks roughly convert to about five billion USD. The issue is that this was only 15% of what was asked of Germany and the rest was due with 5% interest on the bonds that were to be set out. This was handed to a country with a mediocre economy, to begin with and not only that but their military spending was cut down to 6 battleships of the Deutschland or Lothringen type, 6 light cruisers, 12 destroyers, and 12 torpedo boats(Treaty of Versailles 82). For those who studied how the United States came out of the Great Depression, you will understand that limiting military spending ultimately is what will, and did, cause the downfall of the German Economy. Due to them not being able to continue producing materials for the c ause of a war the German economy would come to a halt as the entire economy had been geared towards the war effort. Without the war industrial production fell and Germany also would not be able to export any war goods. Along with a drop in the number of vehicles that were allowed the number of troops that Germany was allowed to have at any given time was reduced. It was set to around 100,000 by the Treaty in Article 160. This, in theory, would allow the Germans to pay back their reparations(Mantoux 123). However due to the fact that money rotates through a system the depletion of the German army

How Bellamira Is Not A Social Agent - 1677 Words

into consideration is that Bellamira is not a social agent that could freely take her earnings and live a happily ever after life. Although she uses her charms to seduce Ithamore, she is still obligated to submit to Pilia- Borza a man who has complete control of her. Similarly, to Abigail who is controlled by her father, Pilia-Borza is the male dominant figure that asserts his power over the decisions and body of Bellamira. Moreover, Pilia- Borza appears to be the only one to benefit from her sexual encounters. One specific example of Bellamira being used for her body is when she must do all the dirty work and take advantage of Ithamore. For example, this is seen in Bellamira’s and Ithamore conversation, which states. ITHAMORE. Take†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, for Bellamira her body is used to fulfill the sexual desires of Ithamore, while Pilia-Borza does not have to sell his body, or even do anything. His job is simply to collect from the work of Bellamira. Thus, Marlowe suggests that a woman’s body and sensuality belongs to men because they are the ones that get to charge/ benefit from such transaction. Despite the fact that Marlowe allows for Bellamira to supposedly acquire a sense of agency by suggesting she is part of the scheme, she is actually not gaining anything. In order to calculate such loss, the reader needs to put into perspective the cost versus the benefits. Although her gain could be the money she stole from Ithamore, she is limited to what she could do because society rejects her. The reason why we know this is that the text informs the reader that women who are courtesans or prostitutes are negatively labeled. To start of, everyone seems to know who the se women are because they dress a certain way. This is seen when Ithamore states, â€Å" O, the sweetest face that evr I beheld! I know she is a courtesan by her attire. Now would I give a hundred of the Jew’s crowns that I had such a concubine† (Marlowe 28). This quote informs the reader that Bellamira is shunned by society because her occupation forces her to distinguish herself from all other ladies. Even if a woman believes she is successful because she is able to make her own money, she is still subjected to distinction and isolation.

Making Room for Improvement Essay Example For Students

Making Room for Improvement Essay All the brightest lights beaming down on me, the eyes of many people watching. My feet moving to the steady pulse of the drum. The feeling of my feet rolling across the green and white turf. The weight on my shoulders simply disappear as my heart beats faster and faster, the roar of the brass instruments and beautiful melodies of the woodwinds flow in every direction. What starts out as a simple chart of dots, shortly turns into a beautiful work of art that begins to tell a musical story with every form and figure to match only the finest pitches and rhythms. An activity that truly builds relationships, character, and discipline, what is there not to like? Before I joined, I was probably one of the most anti-social people anyone could meet. From being part of the marching band I have learned to accept people for who they are, and being able to do that it makes it easier to be myself around different people. Also I still have friends from my first year of doing marching band that have graduated four years ago who I still am very close with and talk to them on a daily basis. I was once afraid to talk to people, but now I am able to fully express how a feel about anything in a respectful way. From needing help, even the problems and concerns I may have. Marching band has also helped me to become a natural leader and stand out. Also it has taught me to be different and not just follow the â€Å"normal† trend of things. Since I am the only person who was able to play my instrument, I have learned to be comfortable with myself and even if I make a mistake its fine and try to get better the next time around. The next thing that I have learned is how to become a hard worker and to never give up. This past summer I have gotten a job at Hershey’s Chocolate World (HCW) and I used the perseverance skills I was taught in marching band. I used those skills to motivate myself to keep pushing, even when things were very busy and hectic. I now work harder and give more than my best with everything that I do. Nothing feels better than â€Å"leaving it all on the field† and looking up and seeing the many people in awe and knowing that you have performed a great show. Walking with a little swagger in my step knowing that I have made someone happy and put a smile on their face, even to know that I did the best show I could have possibly done and that the next one has to be even better. Having friendships that I know will last a lifetime even through all the ups and downs. I am more comfortable in my own skin and love myself for me and would not change unless it will better my life. All while having the wherewithal to never give up and know there is always room for improvement.

Leslie Hornby Essays - Twiggy, Model, Waif, Kate Moss, Vogue, W

Leslie Hornby At 17 Leslie Hornby took hold of the world. At 21 she let it go, she was the original waif, a 60's phenomenon a superstar. She was "Twiggy" (Vogue). Leslie Hornby was the revolutionary woman who changed the idea of beauty in the eyes of the fashion industry and the entire world. Twiggy exemplified the androgynous mod look that swept America as it had Britain and much of Europe in the 1960's. She healthily maintained a 5 ft 6 1/2 inch 90 lb body. Based on her thin figure, a nickname of "Twiggy" was derived. Twiggy's popularity not only produced many people who tried to look like her but also drastically increased the hourly wages of models. She paved the way for current top models like Kate Moss, Elle MacPherson, and Linda Evangelista. Twiggy was major trendsetter in America during the sixties even though she was born in England. She was found by Nigel Davies in a salon, while working as a shampoo girl. He saw her potential and immediately took her to get a haircut at a Mr. Leonard's trendy salon in London. Mr. Leonard put her picture in his shop window, and a short time later that picture was featured in the London Daily Express with a caption that read "This is the face of 1966" (Wilson). Davies, who preferred to be called Justin De Villeneuve, was quite an interesting character with his past resume containing ex-model, ex-antique dealer, and ex-hairdresser. After he discovered her, he (age 25) became Twiggy's (age 15) agent and boyfriend. He took her to Paris and a short while after her popularity grew, she was put on the cover of Elle Magazine, as well as Paris Match and the British edition of Vogue. During Twiggy's peak success in Europe, De Villeneuve set up Twiggy Enterprises Ltd. where he gathered a line of clothes, false eyelashes, cosmetics, dolls, and posters all endorsed by Twiggy. The business brought in millions. Since Twiggy was so young, Justin ran the entire business. She only had to agree to what she liked and put her name on it. The thought of a Model taking advantage of her success to start an enterprise was completely revolutionary. Once again Twiggy paved the way for models like Cindy Crawford, Claudia Schiffer, Kate Moss, and Naomi Campbell all of which opened highly successful restaurants, and made exercise tapes, clothes, calendars, posters, and many other products. The enterprising aspect of being a top model was started by Twiggy and that influence is commonly seen in the business world today. Twiggy's next step in her career was to travel to the United States. Twiggy's success soared when she made her first visit to America. On March 20,1967 the second she stepped off the plane she was swarmed by fans, and was candy to the media's eyes. She was like a fever that spread. Everyone wanted a piece of her. Her pictures were everywhere. Twiggy's popularity allowed her to charge revolutionary high prices an hour. She charged as much as $240 an hour opposed to a 50's top model like Suzy Parker who only received about $40 an hour (Century of Models). Once again Twiggy set the standard for 90's top models to earn outrageous sums of money. For example, the 90's Twiggy (Kate Moss) earns about 26.3 million dollars a year. One reason for Twiggy's great success was that the public had never seen anyone like her. She had a completely new look that took the entire world by surprise. During the 40's, long limbed, and sophisticated was the trend. In the 50's, a more curvaceous womanly look (Marilyn Monroe) was in. Twiggy set the 60's waiflike standard. What a leap from Marilyn to Twiggy. They were almost completely opposite. Twiggy's influence is still seen on today's runways and television. The current day Twiggy is Kate Moss. Her figure is strikingly similar (Twiggy 31-22-32, Moss 33-22-35) (Century of Models). Remarkably, Twiggy's favorite thing to eat was ice cream, bananas and hot fudge, she doesn't drink or smoke but "eats like a horse" (Time). Twiggy is one of those girls who has an extremely high metabolism and is healthy but just cannot gain weight. As a child, her mother was very worried about Leslie's thinness and took her to see many doctors. The doctors concluded that the thinness was just a result of her body type and couldn't be helped. When asked what she thought of her figure as "the thing of the future" she replied "it's not really what you

Kitchen Cabinetâ€Origin of the Term and Its Political Meaning

Kitchen Cabinet- Origin of the Term and Its Political Meaning The Kitchen Cabinet was a mocking term applied to an official circle of advisers to President Andrew Jackson. The term has endured through many decades, and now generally refers to a politicians informal circle of advisers.   When Jackson came into office after the bruising election of 1828, he was very distrustful of official Washington. As part of his anti-establishment actions, he began to dismiss government officials who had held the same jobs for years. His reshuffling of the government became known as​ the  Spoils System. And in an apparent effort to ensure that power rested with the president, not other people in the government, Jackson appointed fairly obscure or ineffectual men to most of the posts in his cabinet. The only man considered to possess any  real political stature in Jacksons cabinet was Martin Van Buren, who was appointed secretary of state. Van Buren had been a very influential figure in politics in New York State, and his ability to bring northern voters in line with Jacksons frontier appeal helped Jackson win the presidency. Jacksons Cronies Wielded the Real Power The real power in Jacksons administration rested with a circle of friends and political cronies who often did not hold official office. Jackson was always a controversial figure, thanks largely to his violent past and mercurial temperament. And  opposition newspapers, implying there was something nefarious about the president receiving much unofficial advice, came up with the play on words, kitchen cabinet, to describe the informal group. Jacksons official cabinet was sometimes called the parlor cabinet. The Kitchen Cabinet included newspaper editors, political supporters, and old friends of Jacksons. They tended to support him in such efforts as the Bank War, and the implementation of the Spoils System. Jacksons informal group of advisers became more powerful as Jackson became estranged from people within his own administration. His own vice president, John C. Calhoun, for example, rebelled against Jacksons policies, resigned, and began to instigate what became the Nullification Crisis. The Term Endured In later presidential administrations, the term kitchen cabinet took on a less derisive meaning and simply came to be used to denote a presidents informal advisers. For example, when Abraham Lincoln was serving as president, he was known to correspond with newspaper editors Horace Greeley (of the New York Tribune), James Gordon Bennett (of the New York Herald), and Henry J. Raymond (of the New York Times). Given the complexity of issues Lincoln was dealing with, the advice (and political support) of prominent editors was both welcome and extremely helpful. In the 20th century, a good example of a kitchen cabinet would be the circle of advisers President John F. Kennedy would call upon. Kennedy respected intellectuals and former government officials such as George Kennan, one of the architects of the Cold War. And he would reach out to historians and scholars for informal advice on pressing issues of foreign affairs as well as domestic policy. In modern usage, the kitchen cabinet has generally lost the suggestion of impropriety. Modern presidents are generally expected to rely on a wide range of individuals for advice, and the idea that unofficial persons would be advising the president is not seen as improper, as it had been in Jacksons time.

Hydraulic conductivity Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hydraulic conductivity - Coursework Example This paper will define hydraulic conductivity and discuss the properties or the states that affect the levels of hydraulic conductivity. Further, the paper will explore the importance of hydraulic conductivity and the methods used for the determination of hydraulic conductivity using empirical-based, field-based and lab-based approaches. The properties and the states that affect hydraulic conductivity The first property is the compaction conditions of the soil or the rock materials, where the difference in hydraulic conductivity depends on the contours of initial saturation. The zones of initial saturation are computed using the following equation: (Brauns, Bieberstein & Reith, 2003) Under the equation, â€Å"w is the molding water level; yd is the weight of the dry unit of the soil, yw is the (per-unit) weight of water, and Gs is the particular gravitational level of solids† (Brauns, Bieberstein & Reith, 2003). Defining the water levels in the combination and the weight of th e dry unit matches the hydraulic conductivity. The second determinant of hydraulic conductivity is index properties, which is marked by the composition of the soil or the rock material in question. ... d of larger particles, which are ordinarily less likely to be closely compacted into double layers, levels of hydraulic conductivity are lower (Beckie & Harvey, 2002). The third factor is the atterberg limits of the materials at the given area, where hydraulic conductivity should take place. In general, hydraulic conductivity reduces where there is an increase in the plasticity index and the liquid limit. This is the case, because plastic index and liquid limit are directly connected to the mineralogy of the soil, clay or the rock material in question. Sometimes, an increase in the clay content of a soil or rocky material or the presence of more active minerals of clay leads to a reduction in the size of microscale pores (Deb & Shukla, 2012). These microscale pores are the ones that determine the flow of water in the compacted wet lines of the soil or the rocky materials. This factor implies that soils with higher plasticity index and liquid limits will contain more clay content or a ctive clay minerals, and will characteristically have lower levels of hydraulic conductivity (Ganjian et al., 2006). Also, the particle size distribution of materials influences the hydraulic conductivity of the given material. This means that an increase in the percentage level of the fine particles contained in a unit area of the material causes a decrease in the hydraulic conductivity of the material. For example, soils with high levels of fine clay tend to have lower conductivity levels (Deb & Shukla, 2012). Why hydraulic conductivity is so important Hydraulic conductivity is used for different roles, including the development of engineering models entailing the use of geotechnical designing. Under this use, hydraulic conductivity is necessary for the determination of retaining

Capitalism, Socialism, and Keynesian Economics Essay

Capitalism, Socialism, and Keynesian Economics - Essay Example They set out a plan that would see them complete their work within the scheduled time, and even promised a $300 bonus if the work was completed early enough. This was to act as a motivation to all members. However, Parker seemed to dislike the way Millar did his work and was always shouting at him. Instead of looking for ways of making things work, Parker always used an angry tone when addressing Millar. Rather than use silent authority, parker chose to assert his authority by vocally challenging Millar in front of the rest of the works. When forming a team, the norms and dynamics that control the way people interact will create a better ability to discuss counterproductive norms that could derail the team’s efforts (McShane and Steen, 2012). Parker did not dwell on this, and that meant that the path-goal leadership style he chose to use was not as effective as he thought it could be. He was not supportive and that meant he would have to push people rather than persuade them to achieve their goals so as to meet their personal needs. Parker did not create a team that had cohesive outcomes enough to meet their needs and remain active members. He was not willing to let Talbot assist Millar even after he offered. Parker exhibited a task-oriented behavior that meant he would assign specific tasks and ensure that all employees follow the rules as stipulated. He should input some people-oriented behaviors to help gain the trust of the employees and receive maximum cooperation from them. To handle this case conclusively, there ought to be some sobriety. Conflict resolution requires the participation of all members as opposed to the feeling that one of the members is superior or above the law. The organizational culture in the organization will also determine the success of this conflict resolution process. This is because employees must trust the process before committing to it. Millar has not worked for Arctic again since this conflict